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C++ - Streams

Stringstream, iostream, string

Streams fstream Open a file, then start appending to the file: 1 std::ofstream ofs(filename, std::ios::out | std::ios::app); How to add a custom print function? 1 2 3 4 5 inline std::...

Posted by Rico's Nerd Cluster on March 18, 2023

C++ - chrono

Basic Timing: high-resolution clock 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 #include <chrono> void foo(){ auto start = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now(); std::cout<<"Hello...

Posted by Rico's Nerd Cluster on March 18, 2023

C++ - Manual Memory Garbage Collector

Boehm-Demers-Weiser (BDW) Collector

Boehm-Demers-Weiser Collector (BDW) Collector BDW Collector is designed as a “drop-in” replacement in C for the default memory allocation functions (malloc, free, etc.). Developers can link agains...

Posted by Rico's Nerd Cluster on March 15, 2023

C++ - Iterators

Basic Usage An iterator needs to be dereferenced *it or it->first so its internal data can be accessed. Iterator Category Examples Supported Operations ...

Posted by Rico's Nerd Cluster on March 6, 2023

C++ - [OOP] Members

Member Attributes and Methods, Copy, Move, Static Members

Member Attributes Let’s take a look at a tricky example 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 #include <iostream>...

Posted by Rico's Nerd Cluster on March 6, 2023

C++ - [OOP] Polymorphism Substitute - Curiously Recurring Template Pattern (CRTP)

static polymorphism

Optimization Impact: ⭐️⭐️⚪⚪⚪ CRTP is a design pattern where the base class takes in derived class as a template parameter. This way, no virtual function is created, no runtime cost is spent on vta...

Posted by Rico's Nerd Cluster on March 3, 2023

C++ - [OOP] Polymorphism - Virtual Functions and Virtual Inheritance

Virtual is virtually complicated. Dynamic Dispatch, Dreadful Diamond Derivative (DDD) Problem ...

Introduction The virutal keyword is very versatile. A really short and nasty summary is, it is to ensure the correct functions or base class is inherited / loaded during runtime. Motivating Examp...

Posted by Rico's Nerd Cluster on March 3, 2023

C++ - [OOP] Initialization 2 - Ordering

Default Initialization, Memory Order, Ctor for Inheritance, Parsing and Construction

Default Initialization Default Initialization is when a variable is initialized without explicit value. They could be in an uninitialized state and accessing them could be an undefined behavior. ...

Posted by Rico's Nerd Cluster on March 2, 2023

C++ - [OOP] Initialization 1 - Construction Basics

Conversion, Assignment, Copy

Constructor And Assignment When an new object is created, it’s either: Constructed from scratch Or copied from another object. The object could be temporary or permanent. Conversion and Ex...

Posted by Rico's Nerd Cluster on March 1, 2023

C++ - Friends

Friend Class, Friend Function, Inner Class

In C++, friend functions and friend classes provide controlled access to private members of a class. While useful, they should be used judiciously to maintain encapsulation and avoid unnecessary de...

Posted by Rico's Nerd Cluster on February 28, 2023

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